|
St Dominic - Patron Saint
of Astronomers
Feast day – July 08
St. Dominic
(1170-1221). Son of Felix Guzman and Bl. Joan of Aza, he was born at Calaruega, Spain,
studied at the Univ. at Palencia, was probably ordained there while pursuing his studies
and was appointed canon at Osma in 1199. There he became prior superior of the chapter,
which was noted for its strict adherence to the rule of St. Benedict. In 1203 he
accompanied Bishop Diego de Avezedo of Osma to Languedoc where Dominic preached against
the Albigensians (heresy) and helped reform the Cistercians.
Dominic founded an institute
for women at Prouille in Albigensian territory in 1206 and attached several preaching
friars to it. When papal legate Peter of Castelnan was murdered by the Albigensians in
1208, Pope Innocent III launched a crusade against them headed by Count Simon IV of
Montfort which was to continue for the next seven years. Dominic followed the army and
preached to the heretics but with no great success. In 1214 Simon gave him a castle at
Casseneuil and Dominic with six followers founded an order devoted to the conversion of
the Albigensians; the order was canonically approved by the bishop of Toulouse the
following year. He failed to gain approval for his order of preachers at the fourth
General Council of the Lateran in 1215 but received Pope Honorius III's approval in the
following year, and the Order of Preachers (the Dominicans) was founded.
Dominic spent the last years
of this life organizing the order, traveling all over Italy, Spain and France preaching
and attracting new members and establishing new houses. The new order was phenomenally
successful in conversion work as it applied Dominic's concept of harmonizing the
intellectual life with popular needs. He convoked the first general council of the order
at Bologna in 1220 and died there the following year on August 6, after being forced by
illness to return from a preaching tour in Hungary. He was canonized in 1234 and is the
patron saint of astronomers. Feast day is Aug. 8.
|
